Q.- Describe the character and role of Kanva in the play “Abhijnana Shakuntalam”.
Ans : Kanva is an important character in Kālidāsa’s play Abhijñāna Śākuntalam and plays a key role in shaping the events that unfold. He is a wise and revered sage, and his role in the play reflects his deep sense of duty, wisdom, and care for Śākuntalā.
1. Character of Kanva : Kanva is a well-known sage and the foster father of Śākuntalā. He is depicted as a kind, caring, and selfless character. His primary concern is the well-being and future of Śākuntalā, whom he raises with great love and attention. Kanva is a man of great spiritual knowledge, and his wisdom is evident in his behavior and advice. Kanva is also a strict but gentle figure. He leads an ascetic life in the forest, away from the distractions of the material world. Despite his detached lifestyle, he has a deep connection with the world around him and is particularly protective of Śākuntalā. His concern for her is not just fatherly but also deeply rooted in his spiritual understanding.
2. Role in the Play :
a) As a father : Kanva’s role in Abhijñāna Śākuntalam is central to the development of the plot. He raises Śākuntalā after she is abandoned by her biological parents. His role as a father figure is crucial in Śākuntalā’s life, and he ensures that she grows up with the right values. Kanva is the one who encourages her to remain in the hermitage, where she later meets and falls in love with King Dushyanta.
b) As a teacher: Kanva’s role becomes significant when he is absent during Śākuntalā’s meeting with Dushyanta. His absence creates a moment of vulnerability for Śākuntalā, which ultimately leads to the unfolding of the main conflict in the play. Although Kanva is not directly involved in the love story between Śākuntalā and Dushyanta, his teachings and actions have a significant influence on the characters and the course of the plot.
c) As a adviser : One of the key moments in the play is when Kanva returns to the hermitage after Śākuntalā’s marriage to Dushyanta. He supports her in her moments of crisis, particularly when Dushyanta forgets her due to a curse. Kanva’s wisdom and sense of justice are highlighted when he reacts calmly and wisely to the difficulties faced by Śākuntalā.
Conclusion : In conclusion, Kanva is a character who provides moral and spiritual guidance in Abhijñāna Śākuntalam. His role as a loving foster father, wise sage, and protector of Śākuntalā adds depth to the play. While he is not involved in the central romantic plot, his influence is crucial in shaping the emotional and spiritual aspects of the drama. Kanva’s character represents wisdom, sacrifice, and the importance of guiding others with kindness and understanding.
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